Kouledes of Crete

The “Koules” ( “Kouledes” in plural) are small forts that were built by the Ottomans in the period 1867 to 1869, during the
Cretan Revolution 1866-1869. The network consisted of 150 koules (perhaps up to 200).
Most of them were destroyed by the Cretans after the departure of the Turkish army in 1898.
Some of these forts are presented in an individual page in this site, but not all of them since, they do not fit exactly to the concept.
However, all the 73 koules that are known (currently) are presented in the map below.